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Are you ready for the Cob Cottage? This is a building method so old and so simple that it has been all but forgotten in the rush to synthetics. A cob cottage,cobb, however, might be the ultimate expression of ecological design, a structure so attuned to its surroundings that its creators refer to it as "an ecstatic house."
The authors build a house the way others create a natural garden. They use the oldest, most available materials imaginable--earth, clay, sand, straw, and water--and blend them to redefine the future (and past) of building. Cob (the word comes from an Old English root, meaning "lump") is a mixture of non-toxic, recyclable, and often free materials. Building with cob requires no forms, no cement, and no machinery of any kind. Builders actually sculpt their structures by hand.
Building with earth is nothing new to America; the oldest structures on the continent were built with adobe bricks. Adobe, however, has been geographically limited to the Southwest. The limits of cob are defined only by the builder's imagination.
Cob offers answers regarding our role in Nature, family and society, about why we feel the ways that we do, about what's missing in our lives. Cob comes as a revelation, a key to a saner world.
Cob has been a traditional building process for millennia in Europe, even in rainy and windy climates like the British Isles, where many cob buildings still serve as family homes after hundreds of years. The technique is newly arrived to the Americas, and, as with so many social trends, the early adopters are in the Pacific Northwest.
Cob houses (or cottages, since they are always efficiently small by American construction standards) are not only compatible with their surroundings, they ARE their surroundings, literally rising up from the earth. They are full of light, energy-efficient, and cozy, with curved walls and built-in, whimsical touches. They are delightful. They are ecstatic.
- Sales Rank: #64066 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Chelsea Green Publishing Company
- Published on: 2002-06-01
- Format: Illustrated
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 10.00" h x .88" w x 8.00" l, 2.00 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 346 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
About the Author
Ianto Evans is an applied ecologist, landscape architect, inventor, and teacher with building experience on six continents. Cob is traditional in his homeland, Wales. In addition to teaching ecological building, Ianto has consulted with USAID, the World Bank, the Peace Corps, and several national governments.
Michael G. Smith teaches practical workshops and consults on cob construction, natural building, and permaculture. He is the author of The Cobber's Companion: How to Build Your Own Earthen Home and co-editor of The Art of Natural Building: Design, Construction, Resources.
Linda Smiley teaches workshops on cob, sculpting sacred spaces, intuitive design, and natural plasters and finishes. With a background as a recreational therapist, she specializes in helping people use natural building as a tool for personal transformation and healing.
Excerpt. � Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
Building a Cob Cottage Step-by-Step excerpted from Part II: Building the Cob Cottage
EVERY COB BUILDING IS UNIQUE, but most require the same basic steps. The order of some of these steps is critical; others can be rearranged as desired. For a first-time builder, it can be very useful to map out the sequence of all construction tasks. Following is a sample sequence to help you think through your project to completion before you begin. The next ten chapters walk through each of these steps in great detail.
* Select your building site very carefully, for best exposure to winter sun and for good drainage. * Decide in advance roughly what spaces, shapes, and features you will need, both indoors and out, based on the scale of your own activities. Make many sketches and models. Keep the building as small as possible. If you need more than 400 square feet, consider phasing the project to complete the most essential sections first. * Work on a scale model of the building, including site features such as trees and slope. * Decide the wall plan in detail, especially where doors connect the indoors with outdoors. Design the roof at this point, including the roof and how it is supported. Make a full-sized mock-up of the building on the site. Spend time in it, and imagine what it would be like to live there. * Assemble on-site all building materials you will need for enclosure, including glass, lumber, rocks, hardware, pipes, wires, and so forth. Gather your tools, scaffolding, and water storage. * Check your soil, and assess by making test mixes and test blocks what needs to be added for the best cob mix. Measure your proportions and calculate the amounts of sand, clay soil, and straw you will need. Plan out and prepare mixing spaces close to the building. * Arrange delivery of sand, clay soil, and straw as needed. Store deliveries close to and uphill from the building, in locations that won't impede work. Make sure straw is stored under cover, off the ground. * Stake out your design and finished levels precisely on the site using many strong, firmly driven stakes. Adjust for the last time. * Clear and level as little as possible. Grade away from the building so that water runs away on all sides. Set aside excavated soil for gardening or making cob. * Dig drainage and foundation trenches, lay in drainpipe, insulation, plumbing, and wire connections; backfill trenches immediately with drain rock. * Build the foundation stemwall, setting in door frames or frame anchors and joists if floor will be suspended. Leave openings for utilities and water lines in and out. * Tamp the subfloor, lay several inches of drain rock, and, if you will be using an earthen or other mass floor, lay the floor base coat. * Frame the roof, either on permanent posts or on temporary posts that will be removed when the walls are complete. You may also wait until the cob is nearly finished before framing the roof. * Experiment with cob mixing techniques -- for speed, ease, enjoyment, and different numbers of workers. Concentrate on gradual improvements. Apply your mix, probably at first by fork, trodden, then using "Gaab cob" or cob loaves. Sew it all together solidly with your fingers or a "cobber's thumb." Try to raise all the cob walls at the same rate. * Make sure you build vertical or tapered walls; don't leave big bulges or hollows. * Pare each new part with a machete or handsaw before it gets too hard, leaving it ready to plaster as you build. * Set pipes, wires, outlets, junction boxes, and so on into the walls as you build. * Build in windows as you go. Bury "deadmen" in the walls, wooden anchors to which you can later attach door frames, shelving, countertops, and so on. * Sculpt built-in furniture, bookshelves, niches, and alcoves. * Let the walls dry and settle somewhat, then build loft or second-story beams, joists, and ledgers directly into the cob if the wall is loadbearing. * Locate roof deadmen one and a half to two feet down from the rafters. Complete the walls. * If the roof is on, you can now enclose and heat the building. If not, now is the time to build the roof. If the roof will be heavy, allow the cob to dry throughout first. * Do final ceiling work. * Finish interior built-in woodwork, counters, cabinets, interior door frames, and plumbing fixtures. * Apply interior plaster. * Lay a finish coat on floor. Seal an earthen floor with linseed oil and beeswax. * When interior plaster is dry, apply natural paint, lime wash, or alis. * Plaster the exterior, if desired. * Have a big party! Invite everyone who helped you build.
Most helpful customer reviews
135 of 138 people found the following review helpful.
About more than just cob, this book is required reading.
By Robert A Brookshire
The Cob Cottage Company literally invented a building technique called "Oregon Cob". Their collective development includes not only high-quality cob mixing techniques, but also a holistic design and construction approach to suit both the building material and the sustainable living philosophies of the builders. The Cob Cottage Company has used this book to summarize more than a decade of research and development of both mind and mud. Each author has focused on one of three sections of the book and each contributes something unique.
Ianto appropriately begins the book by not only giving a history of earth and cob building, but also by helping the reader redefine their view of housing. I've read this section 3 times thus far. It contains so many great ideas and insights that the reader may want to keep a journal to remember them by. The authors' ideas concerning intuitive design with natural materials are amazing, yet proven. Ianto is definitely critical of industrial architecture (he was a trained and licensed architect in the UK) and corporate control, but not in a way that is unbearable or preachy. I find these sorts of viewpoints incredibly refreshing when communicated so well, whether or not I completely agree with them or not. Evans covers virtually all aspects of site selection and home design while also including interviews with a few cob home owner/builders. This section is surely the real magic of this book and may greatly alter the reader's perceptions of both shelter and its relation to the surrounding environment.
Part 2 describes the actual construction of a cob cottage. It is mostly authored by Michael Smith, who has authored another book detailing cob construction, "The Cobber's Companion". This section of the book provides plenty of helpful advice and creative ideas that the Cob Cottage Company and other cob enthusiasts have developed over the years. None of the authors pull any punches. They obviously have pursued their Cob Revival with intelligent passion, being certain that potential builders understand the potential pitfalls and the keys to success. They know that failed projects can do have as much impact on society's acceptance of cob and natural building than successful projects. Smith and crew really try to help the reader plan for success and encourage them at every step. While the reader would do well to take part in a cob building workshop for hands-on experience, they will get a very thorough understanding of the steps and techniques involved by reading this book. The authors' credibility on cob construction is never in doubt here.
Part 3 is an Onward by Linda Smiley. She attempts to spur the reader on to the next step(s) after reading this book. The entire book is treated as a beginning to a rewarding journey, not just an end to its own means. Smiley provides valuable advice on attending and sponsoring cob workshops. She also expands upon Evans' introduction to alternative living ideas and encourages the reader to live in the moment. While this section is much shorter than the other two, it is important to the book. Ianto gets the reader fired-up about building with cob, Michael tells the reader how to actually do it, and Linda encourages them to put their new-found ideas into action.
The Cob Cottage Company recognizes that cob is but one component of natural building. While the authors' passion for mud is ever-present, so also is their understanding of region and site-specific alternatives and constraints. The Cob Cottage Company integrates and shares ideas with the growing community of natural building enthusiasts, always attempting to create solutions appropriate to the need. Oregon Cob truly offers amazing potential for affordable, durable, healthy housing, especially to owner/builders who can greatly offset the dollar cost of a home with their own efficient labor. Cob offers much greater earthquake resistance than unreinforced adobe, creating a simpler building process that anyone can learn. My review would not be complete without admitting that this book gave focus to numerous nagging doubts that I've long had about American culture and homebuilding. Though I have worked in residential construction for nearly a decade, I could never quite describe exactly why I found our homes (and my job) so inadequate until I read this book. Though my worldview and opinions continue to evolve with each new day and discovery, this book was surely a milestone for me. It changed my life in ways I have yet to even realize.
6 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
One of the best books in my library
By Amazon Customer
I bought this for myself as a Christmas present, on a whim; little did I know I would spend hours with it after its arrival.
The authors detail building with cob (a mixture of sand, clay, straw, and water) - from the design stages (including land selection) to adding sculptural details. While writing about cob's uses, they also tell the reader where cob should not be used (wet, low-lying areas). This is a well-written, very accessible book for anyone who is curious about environmentally-friendly building techniques.
Because of this book, my fianc� no longer thinks I'm crazy for wanting a "greener" house without a mortgage. I'd call that a success.
27 of 28 people found the following review helpful.
Decent Book, But Major Philosophical Bias
By Bladesmith
Let me say first that I enjoyed this book. I have always been interested in "alternative" construction (although cob is obviously very old and established). I have a deep seated desire to build a home that will outlast my great, great grandchildren. Something that, once built, won't have to be torn down in 50-75 years to make way for the latest cookie cutter stick house. When I was in Great Britain, I fell absolutely in love with cob cottages. The smoothness of the walls. The curve of the corners. The thick solidity of the walls. The atmosphere and quietude within. I knew then that I would love to live in one. So, I picked up this book at a local library hoping to find a way to replicate something like the homes I saw in Britain. Unfortunately, that is not what this book is.
This book comes from a very different place, philosophically, than I was expecting. It talks about living in the minimum possible space you need to function as human living on the earth. 200 square feet is considered nearly extravagant by Mr. Evans. Outdoor bathrooms and "being-in areas" less than 6' in ceiling height to promote connectedness to nature and cozy relationship to your home are mentioned with reverence; And we are instructed to consider following suit. Part of me agrees, and would love a cute, twisty "hobbit house", as my wife calls them. A "house like a shell." Sized just right to encapsulate its owners.
But here's the deal. See, I have 3 kids. My son was 5'8" on his 13th birthday. My daughters will no doubt want their privacy as they become teenagers, and (gasp) maybe even separate bedrooms, or more than one bathroom. I would like to take a shower, or even a bath, or perhaps shave in the morning without 4 other people clamoring for use of the same space. Mr. Evans, et al. recommend the use of attached "sleeping spaces" like nooks or lofts connected to the main living area of the house. When any of my children are mere feet away, separated by only a curtain, certain private activities between their mother and I simply will not occur. Parents and children DO sometimes need space from one another.
The other issues I had with the book relate to attempts to circumvent or simply disregard building code recommendations and permits. I used to work as a grunt for a construction company, and understand fully, the pain in the *ss that codes and inspectors can be. But simply building willy-nilly, with no regard at all to the structural capacities of the materials you are using is inviting disaster. Even highly engineered materials fail. The area I have the most concern with this is roofing. Cob walls, well constructed, have and will stand for centuries. But using that super pretty log you got out of the forest as your main roof beam, could have dire consequences once there is 3' of snow on your roof.
There is more than just a bit of neo-hippy philosophy sprinkled throughout this book. Admonitions to invite wild animals into your home (including snakes, skunks, rats and spiders [fleas= lyme disease anyone!?]) feature in a few places. Gentle nudges toward permaculture (which I agree with). Magical house design with things like a polaris peep hole window. I think that many of these things simply won't appeal to most people.
I do understand the authors philosophical points of view, and believe that we humans can and should take better care of the environment, and that this can start with where we live and what we live in. But taken to this extreme, I would end up with a tiny, overcrowded hobbit house, filled with cranky people falling all over each other wishing for more privacy and unable to entertain the average extended family dinner, much less an actual party indoors.
Based on the above, I give this book 3 stars. I wish there was a cob building book out there that wasn't so "far out" philosophically that would help me to replicate those lovely homes I remember from my time in Britain.
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